Assess The Role Of Ulysses S. Grant In The Union Victory :: American History Civil War

Asses the role of Ulysses S. Grant in the victory of the union Ulysses S. Grant played a crucial role in the victory of the union in the American civil war. Ulysses S. Grant, later to become the 18th president of the United States, commanded union forces during the civil war as a general and general in chief. The greatest assets that Ulysses S. Grant brought to the union forces were his incredible strategic mind, his determination, his willingness to fight and his ability to win. Throughout the war grant steered the union to victory many major battles both before and after her was assigned general in chief of the union army. Grant produced the first two major union victories of the war in February of 1862 by capturing fort hennery on the Tennessee river and fort Donnellson on the Cumberland river, these victories gave a brief display of Grants calm determination to succeed and on only his terms, thus Grant became somewhat of a hero when Simon Buckner called for terms of surrender and yielded to Grants "no terms but unconditional and immediate surrender". This surrender of 14000 confederate men resulted in grants immediate promotion to major general of volunteers. In the April of 1962 Grant was violently surprised in an attack by confederate generals A. Johnston and P. Beauguard at the battle of Shiloh. In a battle that was to become the bloodiest up to that date in American history, with 23,000 casualties, Grant refused to retreat, he eventually managed to stabilize his line and with the help of reinforcements produced a counterattack and turned a severe loss into a victory. Grant received heavy criticism for his decisions at Shiloh but Lincoln defended him stating "I can't spare this man, he fights" One of Grants greatest military success of the war was the siege of Vicksburg, July-August 1863. Grant spent the winter of 62-63 attempting and failing multiple operations to gain access to the town, Grant crossed the Mississippi and headed for Jackson, he took a great risk and cut away from his supplies to sever the railroad to Vicksburg effectively cutting the confederate garrison off from reinforcements. Grant now defeated the confederate army at Champion Hill and then pursued the retreating army to the garrison at Vicksburg. The six week siege began. On the 4th of July 1863, being cut off and with no possibility of relief confederate general John Pemberton surrendered. This union victory in conjunction with the battle of Gettysburg the previous day is considered the turning point in the war.

Major regions of the brain and their functions on behavior Essay

The brain is a complex structure that is divided into specialized parts or regions that perform specialized function. The importance of specialization and brain parts division is not only in brain processing information and generating responses, but the specific impact on behavior of an individual generated by each specialized part. In this regard, the brain has three main regions: cerebral cortex, limbic system and the brain stem (Charles, 2002). The brain stem is the most primitive part of the brain that is located at the joint where the spinal cord enters the brain (Charles, 2002). This part of the brain contains such sub-parts as reticular activity system, medulla and the Pons. The main function of this part of the brain is for autonomic functions deemed as necessary for survival such as health, food, shelter and security seeking behaviors. For instance, when a person falls ill, the brain stem triggers off the course of action to seek medication or health care, thus such an individual shall move towards the hospital premises than to any other direction of food or security. The cerebral cortex is brain region that is on outer part that covers the brain (Charles, 2002). By virtue of covering the brain, the cerebral cortex is considered as the largest part of the brain. The behavioral function of the cerebral cortex involves higher cognitive processes such as memory process that enhances language, thought and learning. Therefore, behaviors such as performance in academic work, ability to retain and remember, verbal fluency and speech development are controlled and generated by the cerebral cortex. Limbic system (Charles, 2002) is the third region of the brain with structures such as hippocampus, thalamus, amygdale and hypothalamus. This part of the brain is responsible for emotional related behaviors of individuals such as motivation, memory functions, and physiological functions. For instance, amygdale is responsible for behaviors such as anger, fear and aggression. The hippocampus sub-structure involves the functions of memory such as information coding and processing into short term and long term memories. Hypothalamus is responsible for emotional behaviors such as hunger, sexual feelings, thirsty and reproduction behaviors. The sensory process as these scenarios unfolds The process and action of hitting the ball produces a cracking sound that travels through air to the ears as a sound sensory organ. The sound message is received and conveyed by ears sensory nerves to the central nervous system (CNS). The central nervous system in return initiates nerve impulse to send the message to the brain. In the brain the thalamus located within the limbic system received the message through sensory receptors found in peripheral nervous system and then forwards the message to the cerebral cortex for analysis and interpretation and then generate feedback message to the sight sensory organs (Albert, 2002). After interpretation of the of the ball sound in the brain by the cerebral cortex, the message is generated back through the same avenue that to the thalamus that will send impulse to the sight sensory organ: eye. The eyes muscles shall be involved in a reflex action to adjust and pay attention to the ball that has been hit. Therefore, ball movement is traced by the eye. However, since the eye does not have the capacity to catch the ball apart from observing it; the sight sensory nerves within the eyes send a message to the brain to prepare necessary mechanism to catch the ball (Albert, 2002). Once the message has been generated by the sight sensory nerves to the brain, the brain through thalamus receives the message through the sensory receptors found in peripheral nervous system and then forwards the message to the cerebral cortex for analysis and interpretation. After analysis and interpretation, the cerebral cortex sends back the message to thalamus which in turn stimulates the concerned organs through responsible neurotransmitters to prepare muscle action to catch the ball as it land. The timing of the ball is entirely an initiative and is dependant on cognitive abilities of the individuals (Albert, 2002). Reference Albert, B A. (2002) Molecular Biology of the Cell: New York, Garland. Charles, GM. (2002), Psychology: An introduction: New York, Prentice hall.

Psychological And Social Processes That With The Disease...

When we hear about the word AIDS, as human beings, it can stir up emotions of fear, death and even cause some of us to be very judgmental. Many called it the curse on the gay community and dismissed it as being a gay man’s disease. Over the years, there has been a deeper understanding of the scope of AIDS and who the people are who struggle with this life ending disease. In this paper, I will attempt to shed some light on the truth concerning the epidemic and dispel some of the myths associated with the disease. I hope to also look at the psychological and social processes that those with the deadly disease encounter and what society has done to educate people about the disease. Almost twenty-five years ago, if someone had heard the words HIV/AIDS, it would have stirred up feeling of dreads. One could not imagine that someone who is coping with the disease would be their friend or someone that would get invited to spend the night because of the fear of this visitor coughing on, or sneezing near them. The objective is to look at the physiological and social aspect concerning this disease process that those with the disease encounter and what has society done to Educate people about the disease. An estimated 44,073 was diagnosed with HIV in 2014 and 1 out of 8 is living with it and is unaware. The global HIV/AIDS epidemic has killed an estimated 21.8 million people and another 36.1 million are living with HIV infection. It is imaginable for anyone to foresee that theyShow MoreRelatedBiopsychosocial vs. Biomedical Model Essay947 Words   |  4 Pagescommonly accepted in modern society. The biomedical model considers the absence of disease is physical wellness. This model is good practice but it has limitations. 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