Conflict and Beowulf

Ashley Ruhl 9/14/11 Honors British Literature Grendel Essay In the story Beowulf, there are three major conflicts. One of these is the domination of Mead Hall by Grendel. The second one is the revenge of Grendel’s mother after Grendel’s been killed. Last but not least the rage of the dragon, following the theft a guarded item. Most of the conflicts that are written are kept between societies and different groups. There are dual conflicts in multiple sections from the story.In Beowulf, there are multiple major characters that showed both internal and external conflicts by fighting the villains but still showing the attributes of internal conflicts. In Beowulf, the monster Grendel begins his attack on the innocent people of Herot one may say that this conflict is considered a dual conflict. This is because not only did Grendel begin the external attack on the people, but Beowulf came and decided to show his pride and courage to defeat Grendel. â€Å"When darkness had dro pped, Grendel went up to Herot†¦night’s slaughter. (Ln 30-40).This is one way to show the beginning of an ongoing conflict with Beowulf and Grendel. Following this, Beowulf was called to help Herot with this monster. An example of this would be when, â€Å"Grendel came, hoping to kill†¦rule over men (ln 3-150)† One may say after the fight with Grendel and his mother, Beowulf began showing his internal conflicts. Beowulf shows his courage and pride as he goes back to the king with the news. Finally, the people of Herot, could celebrate the victory of Beowulf. â€Å"Then old and young rejoiced, jogged along (ln 144-149). This shows Beowulf’s internal conflict because Beowulf could not go straight to Herod and be humble. Instead he makes it known that he defeated the monster so the people of Herod would get to know him as a hero. Not only does this show he has a lot of pride in himself, but one sees his pride when he fights the monsters without a weapon and with his bare hands. This is definitely him showing his pride but it is also him showing his courage and bravery. Grendel’s mother is showing a different section that shows an external conflict and internal conflict.Grendel’s mother came to Herod in order to get revenge for the murder of her son. She had killed the king’s best friend, which is the example of the external conflict. This conflict was between not only the people of Herod and Grendel’s mother but also between Beowulf and Hrothgar. Hrothgar shows his emotional side, with this example of an internal conflict, â€Å"The wise old king†¦ passed quietly (ln 29-42). † Immediately following this Beowulf shows Hrothgar his internal conflict by showing his courage by telling the king he would go and fight for Hrothgar.Grendel’s mother also has an internal conflict when Beowulf enters her lair. As an example, â€Å"And all at once the greedy she-wolf†¦her wet world. (ln 150- 154)† In conclusion I believe that the story of Beowulf is a story of dual conflicts. No matter what character it is, one may believe during every external conflict an internal conflict shows. One may also believe that an internal conflict is a way to have a character become completely vulnerable so the reader gets to know who their real character is.

Report On the Interview With Mtcp Participant Essay

Last Wednesday, 23 July 20003, I had an interview with one of the MTCP participants from Zimbabwe. We started our conversation at 9.21 pm. The conversation took about 2 hours to finish and it was held at 7th Block where all the participants reside. Firstly, I did some ice-breaking session with him. I introduced myself to him and after telling him the reasons why I need to interview him, he started to introduce himself. His name is Mr. Bernard , and his surname is Sitete. He came from Zimbabwe, South Africa. He work as an English lecturer at Nyadire Teachers College, Zimbabwe. He was married with one wife and two children. His wife work as a teacher at one of the secondary schools there. Zimbabwe has two ethnic group. The majority ethnic is Shona which consist 80% of the population. The other ethnic group is Ndebele which came from South Africa to Zimbabwe. Their official language is Shona , but there are some dialect that were used by people in certain area. Their official religion is Christian, but they prefer to use their own religion called Traditional African Religion. Traditional African Religion is quit the same with Christian. But, there are certain parts that show the major different with Christian. For Christian, they believe in Jesus Christ but for Traditional African Religion, they do not use Jesus Christ asking for something and to get to god . They use their own ancestors to ask for and to get to god. The religion belief in one god. For them to get to god, they must go through their ancestors. In their society, ancestors play big roles. To get through their ancestors, they have to do some ceremony as their way of praying. In the ceremony, they have to do hand-in-hand beer (made from traditional crops) drinking, dancing with certain steps, play drums, and so on. This ceremony was done to ensure their continuous contact with their ancestors. They do have their traditional costumes called Nhembe. They wear head dress, like a hat which made with feather and animal skins. Their body clothing was made with animal skins such as leopard, lion, tiger, cheetah, and so on. They do not wear any shoes. But now, they only use the traditional costumes when doing some traditional dance, festivals and ceremony. Nowadays, they use modern clothing like T-shirt, Jeans and so on. They also have their own taboos. They can’t have sex with their own mother, daughter, sister and anybody who have blood relationship. They also cannot beat their parents at all. If they do so, when their parents died, their soul will haunt them until all of their family died. The same case happened when they killed any human. It is because, they believe that when one person died, their soul will stay alive and will haunt the person who killed him or her. They also must respect the graves. They cannot show finger to the grave cause it will cause the soul of the graves will get angry and they will be cursed. They cannot marry in October cause this is the ‘dead month’. If they get married in this month, their marriage will not last and they will get misfortune. They also cannot have a bath in certain area where they believed that there are mermaids. The mermaids will take the persons. He also told me about the marriage customs. When they turned to 13 years old, they reach their maturity. So, they can get married. The woman has to go to the man’s family to ask them to propose her. After that, the man’s family will propose the woman and do some agreements about the marriage and also the Lobola ; also known as Dowry. The lobola can be some cash money or goats or sheep or anything else that was agreed by both families. The reasons of marriage are to connect two families. So, they do not mind if they cannot pay much for the lobola. The man also can borrow from the woman. But after marriage, the man has to pay the debt. If the debt cannot be paid until his wife die, the corpse cannot be buried. So he has to pay the debt first. In the society, they were allowed to polygamy, but the law banned polygamy. They have to register their marriage at the court but they also can get married traditionally. As in other ethnic culture, they also have their festivals. As a Christian follower, the celebrate Easter and Christmas. Their way of celebration is the same with any other place in the world. They also have their Rain Making Ceremony to ask for rain. They must do a dance to ask for the rain with their ancestors. They also have their own kind of Harvest Celebration. The celebration must be done in the kitchen. It symbolized their grateful to their ancestors for giving good harvest to them. Their traditional food is Sadza. Sadza is a maize meal. It cooked like porridge until it become quite thick. They eat Sadza with some curry and so on. They also eat rice. But they eat it in special occasions such as wedding, birthday and so on. Lastly, he told me that he like Malaysia. Malaysia is a nice country . It is very clean with many interesting buildings such as Petronas Twin Tower, Kuala Lumpur Tower, Telekom Tower and many more. This country also has many places of interest. For him, the weather here is too hot, but he likes it. The conversation ended after two hours. Before I left, we shared our address in order to keep in touch with him.

All Summer in a Day Reaction Margot Essay

All Summer in a Day by Ray Bradbury depicts an innocent girl who is tormented by her society for not being the same. I like this story immensely, not only for its engaging plot but how it directly correlates with society today. It also shows how people are pure pressured into being someone they aren’t. The first reason I liked this story is because of its futuristic setting. The story is set in Venus in a jungle where all it does is rain. Once every seven years there is two hours of sun. The concept of having only two hours of rain every seven years is fascinating. It is fascinating because we take the sun for granted, and the people of Venus cherish it and yearn for the sun to come out. The sun to them is something unknown, something to look forward to, for people on Earth it is just light. Another interesting thing about the setting is that it only rains. Where Margot lives there is only rain, but it is not a light drizzle it is a downpour every day and every night. The rain is a symbol for despair. The rain is what keeps all of the kids’ spirits so low. If there were sun everyday on Venus, every kid would be living a happy jubilant life. The second reason I loved this short story is because of the life lesson it taught me. While reading this short story I was memorized how a little girl could be locked up in a closet just for being different. Margot was just an innocent little girl who remembered her life on Earth. She also remembers the sun and since she did, the rest of the kids in her class took advantage of her. They locked her in a closet just before the sun came out. This is not only taking the one thing she loved from her but destroying her dreams. All Margot wanted to see was the sun, she wanted to feel its heat, look at its beauty, but her classmates had a different plan. They wanted to make her feel sorry; she was tormented for being different than them. Another reason they did this was because they were jealous of her. They were jealous she could have had a future on Earth, where the sun comes out everyday. The kids knew she had a chance to go back, and out of jealousy they locked her in a closet. From this I learn that jealousy can take over someone’s his or her common sense and do something so repulsive and mean. What this story teaches me about normal life is that I can never get caught up what is going on around me. I cannot focus on what is going on around me I have to focus on how I am affecting other people. This also teaches me that what other people think can never distract me. Another major reason I liked this book is because as I read this over for the second time, I started thinking about myself. I thought about it anybody had ever influenced me to do something that was not, â€Å"me. † I also thought about if I had ever seen anybody do something blatantly wrong to someone else. I then thought should I have just stood there as a bystander and watched this kid get tormented. I stopped reading and decided that I also learned that I need to stand up for what I believe in, and in this case one of her class mates should have stopped this from happening before it happened. The last thing I liked about this short story is how each character was uniquely different than the last. For example, the first character we directly meet is Margot. Immediately Bradbury states, â€Å"Margot stood apart from them, from these children who could never remember a time when there wasn’t rain and rain and rain. † From this we learn that Margot doesn’t relate with the rest of the kids because she has something the rests of the kids don’t, she has a memory of the sun. This is very interesting because the rest of the kids are jealous of her, and this is one of the many distinctions we have of Margot. Another thing we learn about Margot is she used to live on Earth. When she was five she moved to Venus, but she strictly remembers what the sun looks like. She is just an innocent girl who had a distinction that set her apart from the rest of the group. The kids on the other hand can be distinguished as one character. These kids symbolize society today; everyone has to be the same. Since Margot stood out from the rest of them, the kids punished her. The children also get distracted from what they have done so they can go play in the sun, what they don’t realize is they are hurting others peoples feelings by being oblivious to the world. This made me think about times I had ever been so oblivious to someone else’s feelings just so I could do something of interest. In conclusion, All Summer in A Day is a phenomenal short story with many interesting characters and fun plot changes. Also this short story made me think about daily life and how I always need to stay focused my opinions, not what other people thing. Also I need to care for other peoples feelings and not only my own.

The analysis of the non-store retailing sector in the UK Essay

The analysis of the non-store retailing sector in the UK - Essay Example Political Environment In the former years, the retail sector was recorded to fall significantly although the non-store retail sector was identified to grow with record hikes. One of the fundamental reasons was the fluctuations in the political environment of the UK. This depicts that political factors have a significant influence on retailing sector of UK but has a minimum affect on the non-store retailing sector. Economical Environment The economic factors have a significant impact on non-store retailing sector. The current trend in the economic environment of UK is identified to have rising tax rates by 20%, decreasing employment rates as well as increasing inflation that can cause significant turmoil to the venture in terms of fluctuating demands. Social Environment The social indicators of the UK depict to support the non-store retail segment to a large extent. The current trend in the industry reveals that shoppers are increasingly tending to consume products/services through non-store channels developing UK retail market to be among the largest online markets of the world. (Pinnington, 2011). Technological Environment The non-store retailing sector is largely depended on the technological factors in terms of internet marketing and machineries that support vending out of stores. Currently, the technology industry in UK is witnessed to grow significantly that in turn provides substantial support and opportunities to the non-store retail business (Robinson, 2010). 1.1.2. Product Feasibility: SWOT Analysis Strengths: Are available at cheaper rates than hardbacks Convenient while travelling and are also referred to as travel books (Shaffer & O'Donnell, 2011) Weaknesses: These products have a significant demand among individual customers but are no t quite favoured by library customers Are considered to have inefficient quality assurance in comparison to hardbacks (Shaffer & O'Donnell, 2011) Opportunities: Increasing demand for cheap products in the book publishing industry Lower production cost in comparison to hardbacks Can be distributed through various channels rather than only through retail stores (Shaffer & O'Donnell, 2011) Threats: The rising significance and demand for e-books are notably among the biggest threats of the paperbacks

Health of Ageing (CASE) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health of Ageing (CASE) - Essay Example The intent of these elements is to bring reforms to healthcare industry. The purpose is to make healthcare more effective and adhering to better standard, to improve care transition from hospitals to other facilities (â€Å"CMS†, 2014). Even though the new policies are not aimed at the elderly population but they are the ones that will be significantly affected by it. The Medicare premium is the main element that directly impacts the medical cost of the elderly. The threshold of higher income related Medicare will remain the same till 2019. In my humble opinion the new policies will make healthcare more affordable for the elderly. This is not easy to conclude because the same reforms also take away some benefits that the elderly are already getting. For instance the closure of the Medicare part D regarding the prescription drug program has helped citizen in getting some financial relief (Frank & Newhouse, 2008). But on the contrary, the increased premium amount for the rich makes their life a little less

Role of the Registered Nurse in the Operating Room Research Paper

Role of the Registered Nurse in the Operating Room - Research Paper Example However, most hospitals have hired technical nurse because of high professional fee for registered nurses. As part of the cost cutting program, the companies resort to scrub nurse that has technical skills in handling instruments. This paper aims to discuss the role of registered nurse in the operating room. The role of nurses is examined in the three phases of operating procedure: preoperative, intra-operative, and postoperative. â€Å"Preoperative Role† Patients should receive an efficient and effective service from the health sector. That is why, the health care devises patient empowerment during the preoperative phase (Bramhall, 2002). The preoperative role of nurses involves the assessment of patient’s welfare. Nurses are responsible in preparing the psychological aspect of the patient for the scheduled operation. In order to perform this process, McGarvey, Chambers, and Boore (2000) assert that interpersonal communication is necessary. They gather information from the patient such as medical history, drug used in preparation for the surgery, and the willingness of patients to undergo a surgical operation. The information gathered are used to mitigate risks and determine the factors that may affect the patient’s health. Moreover, the patient is informed of the proposed treatment that the surgeon will perform on the scheduled surgery. The open communication is inhibited because the nurses explain the risk or the possible outcome of the operation, then they offer other methods to patients. The patients must agree with the procedure as part of preparing themselves psychologically. Thus, the nurses are not only rendering their professional service, but they involve personal care. â€Å"Intra-operative Role† During the operation, the patients are at the most critical level because a single mistake will lead to complications. Since the advocate of the medical society is to give efficient and high quality of service, the staff, includi ng the surgeon, must be careful in using the medical equipments and instruments. Allen (2000, p. 1038) states that RN has the duty to â€Å"prevent patient injuries, pressure ulcers, nerve damage, and burns, and to reduce transmission of infection.† To prevent injuries, McEwen (1996, p.1059) proposes that nurses should be knowledgeable in anatomy, since the skin is the â€Å"primary body affected by pressure injuries.† Thus, the nurses are responsible for positioning the patient in the operating table safely to avoid problems and generate positive outcome. During the operation, the nurses examine the physical condition of patients such as their vital statistics. Moreover, they check and assure the medical team that the surgical equipments used are sterile to avoid infection. Infection can be the cause of the patient’s death; hence, the reputation of the institution is tarnished. The preoperative nurses must be cautious to maintain asepsis or free from contaminat ion. â€Å"Postoperative Role† After the operation, patients should be admitted in a recovery area wherein they will be monitored. This is seconded by Stephens and Boaler (1977) that patients must be inspected regularly and precisely. This is to ensure that the patient has a â€Å"safe recovery from anesthesia and surgery† (McGarvey, Chambers, & Boore, 2000, p. 1097). The nurses will examine the physiological state of a patient including the circulation of blood and respiratory function. Once they are awake, the nurses provide information or educate patients about the surgery. The

Constructivism in International Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constructivism in International Relations - Essay Example The constructivist theory encourages that students be provided with inquiry-based learning activities as well as problem solving activities where students are able to formulate and test their ideas , draw their conclusions as well as inferences and convey their acquired knowledge in a collaborative learning environment. Constructivism changes the student from an inactive recipient of information to an active partaker in the learning process. Learners will be continually trying to obtain their personal mental model of the actual world from their views of that world. Learners keep updating their own personal mental models to mirror the new acquired information which eventually enables them to create their own understanding of the reality. It is crucial that we create good learning environments that students will use as their platforms to be able to create new knowledge and experiences and these environments are referred to as Constructivist learning environments. This theory is importa nt for the study of international relations since it facilitates learning new information and adapting to change which is very common while relating with other countries internationally. A basic principle of the constructivist social theory is that people take action toward items or entities, on the foundation of the meanings that those entities or items have for them. In international relations for example, various states act differently towards their enemies because they are a threat to them while they also act differently. towards their friends who are an input to their states. Learning how to deal and adapt to various situations that a state is exposed to is thus very important and that is well implemented through the use of constructivist theory in learning International relations. Institutionalization refers to the process of internalizing new interests as well as identities which are occurring within their environment and affecting their behaviors. Example: UNESCO officials d eclared that science policymaking is essential and good; there was however no stern attempt to attest how true that was: "States should make it their business" to coordinate and direct science or, "The development of science policy should be the responsibility of an organization at the highest level of government in the country. Also "the Science Policy Programme of UNESCO is formulated on the basis of the principle that the planning of science policy is indispensable" for the promotion as well as coordination of scientific research. These statements are not attached with any evidence that such practical entities improve science competence. Science has a

English Language Learner Assessments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English Language Learner Assessments - Essay Example As the year goes on, it would be easier to see a significant difference in the intensity of work of the Angel, particularly when I contrast the first and last works. I would also adapt rubrics to monitor Angel’s progress. This will enable me to use criteria to see observe the progress of Angel (Black, 1998). Some of the formal assessments that I could use with regards to Angle include oral interview, class presentation, cloze tests, role play and writing samples (Valencia, 2010). Some of the informal assessments that I could use include checking here interaction with other students, as well her interaction with the school staff. I can schedule diverse types of interviews in class (maybe take each learner into the hall to complete a private discussion as the rest of the students do seat work) or schedule with learners separately Asking questions, which use grammatical structures, as well as vocabulary that the class has learnt will help me know exactly what Angel and every othe r student has grasped (Simmons, 2003). It is vital to not penalize a learner for not indentifying content if he or she can make up situationally and grammatically correct questions or statements in response to the questions. Also, Angel came to school to improve her interaction with others. It is, therefore, vital to monitor the way she interacts with others, and see whether it is positive of negative interaction (Simmons, 2003). Diagnostic assessments that would be appropriate for Angel are diagnostic evaluation and summative assessment. The goal of formative assessment is to grant assistance for the learner rooted in her exceptional learning level (Simmons, 2003). This type of diagnostic assessment utilizes practical models to assist learners through an applied approach. In this case, developmental activities, with regards to Angel, will be centered on application of practical tools to enhance the worth of learning for the student. Summative assessment is adapted in grading and ju dging the level of understanding of a student in relation to movement of the learner from one stage to another. In Angel’s case, summative assessments will be utilized for certification purposes. She needs to be rewarded on regular basis in order to make the advancement needed for education. Such assessments should be given under managed environment using numerous other variables, such as start and end time for the assessment (Simmons, 2003). Successful assessment can aid in building self-confidence and motivate learners to make further progress. This takes place when their endeavor is recognized and assessment information is utilized to reveal them what they can do (Scriven, 1991). When students and teachers discuss what they have attained so far, they can learn what they should do next so as to make progress. Data obtained from assessments are extremely significant when it comes to noting the progress of what is being assessed. An educator should device superior ways of mak ing use of the information gotten from assessments of their students. Data obtained from Angle’s assessment would be use to formulate ideas that will to better academic success (Valencia, 2010). The information could be used to create a rubric that will be used to guide Angle to academic success. Cultural diversity, in the classroom, leads to more efficient group work

Preparing for class discussion 2 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Preparing for class discussion 2 - Article Example Finally, women might also benefit from monetary support from their husbands if they are experiencing wage constrains depreciation (Gabel 72). In men cases, they feel honored in marriage if the woman of their dreams is mature enough, quite understanding and one who consoles him besides supporting his ideas. In addition, in marriages men desire and envies women who take care of their possession and children besides managing household chores (Gabel 72). In the past fifty years, this has greatly changed such that marriage rates have decreased while divorce rates have severely increased. This is because the concept of marriage today is that it is about love besides personal fulfillment in providing monetary budget. Hence, the two romantically involved individuals if facing financial constrains may opt to leave the relationship. Marriages have completely changed because of the use of birth control pills (Gabel 73). This is because the relationship between the sexes involved may deteriorate because women now have the ability to control the timing of their fertility. Therefore, researchers predict that they have a higher probability to wed a more financially stable man (Gabel 73). Because, women have more time to achieve the life dreams in that they allocate themselves more time to plan for their families besides their careers. Hence, the birth control pills have played a role in early marriages or marriage at all in that women controls when to become mothers and in earning high wages thus, marriage view has become less compelling (Gabel 73). Marriage is taking another trend because more women have achieved a lot in education sector which has enabled them to be self reliant thus they have the ability to delay the role of motherhood. Therefore, this has depicted that women do not now require a man for economical survival. Where in the past a woman needed a man for financial support for they now can support themselves. Hence, this is a clear indication why marriage

Economics case study Essay Example for Free

Economics case study Essay (a) Explain whether health care is a private , merit or public care (b) Is health care a free good? Explain your answer (c) Does the quote from the doctor suggest that the market for healthcare is in equilibrium? Again explain your answer (d) Compare the effects of an improvement in the quality of product provided by the NHS and that provided by a private health care company (e) Explain 2 meanings of the word efficiency (f) What is likely to happen to private sector firms which are not efficient? (g) In which market structure is information about best practice likely to be most freely available (h) Discuss the private and external benefits of health care. a) A public good is a good that is a benefit to society and is provided free of cost to society, usually by the government running the country. Theses goods are not provided by private companies and firms as they do not render profit, which thus leads to a market failure due to a lack of provision of public/merit goods. Examples for such goods are roads, streetlights, education, public libraries etc. NHS (National Health Service) is a public good and government organization. It is a service that is free at the point of delivery because society pays for it indirectly through taxes. The NHS provides free healthcare to society, this is especially beneficial for the low income group sector of society thus making it a public good. The demand for this service is high, as healthcare is very expensive in the private sector. As the law of demand states that when the prices increase demand decreases. Here there is no actual price for the service thus the demand must be high. But sometimes this high demand creates a problem as the supply cannot be met; public goods are goods that do not render profits. And thus these organizations are run by government spending and may not really be updated with the best quality as they have a limit in their budgets. They do not have the quality of being efficient as they do not make profits from their services. b) A free good is good that is not scarce, has a zero market price and do not have any opportunity costs when consumed. The key word is opportunity cost. (***Free good is a term used in economics to describe a good that is not scarce. A free good is available in as great a quantity as desired with zero opportunity cost to society.) Opportunity cost is the cost of forgoing one opportunity for another. For example A school has been given 10,000$ and it can either spend it on books and supplies or on a new gym. Thus the opportunity cost to build the gym would be the loss of not buying books and vice versa. An example for free good can be sunlight, air, salt water etc. Considering healthcare, it can be noted that healthcare does not fall into the category of free good. It is an economic good even a public organization like the NHS. As NHS is a government funded subject, it is actually just a free service at the point of delivery. The taxpayers pay for this good; therefore it does have a market value indirectly through taxes. And it is not a resource that is available all the time, thus making it limited and not scarce. As it is government funded, the government can choose to spend their money on something else instead of healthcare. Therefore there is an opportunity cost to providing healthcare. The government can may spend the same amount on public structures (roads, streetlights, traffic lights or on education etc). As provision of healthcare has an opportunity cost, it makes it an economic good and not a free good. (*** Economic good is a good that has an opportunity cost thus giving it a price and hence making it scarce.) c) The market for healthcare (pubic healthcare) is not in equilibrium as the doctor quoteswe just get more patients and we cant cope with anymore. Therefore suggesting that the supply cannot meet the demand and thus the market equilibrium is not met. Market equilibrium is when the market is in a stage where the demand meets the supply. For eg In the figure below, we see that at price P1 the quantity Q1 is both demanded and supplied. Thus the market in equilibrium at the price P1 since the quantity of goods that people wish to buy at price Q1 is equal to quantity of the goods the supplier wants to sell at that price. This price P1 is also called as market clearing price, as everything produced is sold. The market thus remains in equilibrium. The healthcare sector (NHS) does not follow this structure of market equilibrium. The figure below shows the demand for healthcare in the private and public healthcare. This follows the demand laws that when prices increase then the demand for the good decreases as can be in seen in the demand for private healthcare services. Whereas the demand for public healthcare is very high as the price is very low or minimal. (Figure 1) Figure 2 When the prices are low then the suppliers supply less of their goods. In the case of healthcare (public healthcare), the providers of this services may not be provide less of their services but the quality and efficiency may be less and improvements may not be made as they are Government organizations and do not have the funds to do so. Figure 3 shows that because of the low prices the demand for the service increases to Q2 and the healthcare providers can only provide services till Q*. More is being demanded than supplied, and thus there is a shortage as there is an excess of demand. Therefore the market equilibrium is altered as the supply does not meet the demand. d) Improvements in the quality provided by the NHS and the private healthcare company. The private sectors main motive is to earn profit. Any private company or firms main goal is to earn profit. This can be done by having a large consumer base, thus to get achieve a large consumer base the firms continuously improve their services and are always striving for efficiency. Therefore an improvement in the private healthcare sector would not make a big difference as these firms are already always trying to provide better services to the consumers in order to make profits. Even though the prices are higher than the public sector people would with money would chose to a private clinic rather than a government healthcare facility, as it would be wiser for them to make use of the better healthcare facilities. If there are improvements in the public sector, the efficiency of the sector is improved and a lot more people would prefer going to public healthcare facilities rather than spending more money for the same service at a private clinic. The demand for the private healthcare services would decrease, and the firms would have to come up with innovative methods to restore their consumer base as a majority of the consumers would prefer paying less for healthcare for the same services provided by the private sector. The private healthcares may even have to shut down due to increasing costs in running their facilities and fewer buyers for their services thus decreasing the revenue they earn. There would be a producer loss for the private sector and a consumer gain for the consumers as they pay for good quality healthcare at a cheaper rate. But this would mean more government spending on healthcare to ensure that the new improvements continue. Or the government may increase the taxes, and thus the tax payers would have to pay more taxes in order for better public healthcare. e) Efficiency getting any given results with smallest inputs or getting maximum output from minimum inputs Efficiency can be classified into 2 categories * Efficiency in consumption ( Allocative efficiency ) * Efficiency in production ( Productive efficiency ) Allocating resources among consumers so that it would not be possible by any re allocation to make people better off without making anyone worse off is called efficiency in consumption. Allocative efficiency in simple terms can be put as doing the right thing. Defining Allocative efficiency when there is no waste in resources in the production of goods, allocative efficiency is maximized. This occurs when there is 0 excess demand and supply in the market (S=D). For eg when a firm produces 5000 flower pots but the market enables the firm to sell only 3500 then the resources have gone waste by producing the excess 1500 goods and there is an inefficiency in the allocation of resources as they could have been better allocated. The firm could have used the same amount of resources for something like fertilizers which would have had a higher demand. Therefore the allocative optimality occurs when the supply equals demand on the market. Allocating available resources between industries so that it will not be possible to produce more of some goods without producing less of others is called efficiency in production. Productive efficiency occurs when goods are produced at the lowest possible cost per unit, taking into account all costs arising. A firm is productively efficient when total use of resources (factors) result in the lowest possible cost per unit of output. This would be the point where average total is minimized. Productive efficiency means doing things right. In the healthcare sector being economically efficient as well as productively efficient is what the private clinics, hospitals etc aim for. To supply the maximum output at the cost of minimum inputs. f) Private firms that are inefficient would not be able to compete with other firms in a competitive market. If a firm is inefficient, the demand for the firms services and goods decrease and the firms consumer base will move on to another firm that does provide efficient goods and services. Or if a firm is allocatively inefficient then its resources go waste and it is unable to make the same revenue like it would have if it had used proper allocation of resources. Lack of productive efficiency would lead to the cost of production to be higher therefore the firm would suffer losses. Taking the 3 different situations in private healthcare * Inefficient services and quality provided: would lead to the loss of customers and eventually revenue, and more competition from other firms. * Improper allocation of resources(spending): spending and wasting money on frivolous items such as curtains and dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½cor rather than medicines and treatment facilities , the firm would have a decrease in revenue again as people would expect top quality services rather than fancy dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½cor. * Costs of production and services revenue earned = loss: the firm has spent a lot more on setting up the place and is not gaining maximum profits in return thus being productively inefficient. g) In a private structure information about best practice is likely to be freely available, as in public sectors there is not much incentive to improve techniques and skills. Whereas in the private sector the commercial organizations have an economic incentive to introduce better practices for both market leadership which leads to profits. Eg 2 dentist clinics each one comes up with newer faster and high quality technology for braces such as clinic1 comes up with invisible braces and clinic 2 to outdo clinic 1 comes up with invisible painless clear fit on braces to form a larger consumer market. Whereas in public sector there would be no such highlight as there is no one to compete against and no economic incentive. h) Merit goods are goods that are beneficial to the society and include services like healthcare defense etc. The marginal social benefits in providing healthcare are greater than the marginal production costs. For this reason healthcare is normally left up to the government to provide in many countries as private sector owners find no profit making scheme through it. The private and external benefits of healthcare are many. * Society remains healthy * When society remains healthy then the major workforce remains fit as well * Provision of healthcare = public good, like the NHS makes it easily accessible to the low income society. * If the main workforce of a country has access to healthcare, the overall development of a country increases. * The government also encourages the use /consumption of this service, as it is beneficial for all. * The healthcare services provided, if of good quality, makes sure that everyone in society gets their vaccines, health checkups etc. Thus ensuring that everyone is stable and in a well fit environment. * These services are more beneficial for the lower middle and poorer section of society. The poor do not need to spend much of their little incomes and are assured of the basic services.

Organizational Culture Of Dominos Pizza Commerce Essay

Organizational Culture Of Dominos Pizza Commerce Essay I have chosen the DOMINOS PIZZA as a business. The reason why I have chosen this business because it is famous all over the world. I have went many different branches , and taste the delicious spicy food. I have been worked their six months , so I known these areas well, as well as knowledge regarding my work place. It is also an education provided business with good quality of food and service. Therefore it is an ideal business to choose report writing. INTRODUCTION OF DOMINOS PIZZA: DOMINOS PIZZA is an international pizza delivery corporation . It is the second largest chain in the United States. Its headquarters is in , Ann Arbor , Michigan United States. Dominos has 60 international markets . Moreover it also has 9000 corporate and franchised stores . In 1998 dominos pizza was sold to Bain capital and finally went in the year 2004 MAIN FEATURES OF DOMINOS PIZZA ARE : Pizza Pasta Wings Salads Cheese sticks Variety of desserts items SERVICES : Home delivery Lobby Take away HISTORY OF DOMINOS PIZZA : Famous person , tom monaghan and his brother , James purchased Dominicks a small pizza store at Michigan in the year 1960. But after eights months later , James also traded his half business to tom for beetle. Finally he named the business Dominos Pizza .Inc. in 1965. The logo for the company planned with the new dots to each store. Slowly and steadily Dominos experienced rapid growth . finally at last 200th store opened by franchise. Franchise also opened their website www.dominos.com which help the customers to book their orders online. Todays it Dominos has spread through at all world and it is quite famous now a days at all levels. COMMUNICATION IN DOMINOS : This business is completely depending on communication. People working there as a group and every one communicates with each other. Main purpose of communication is to send a message by sender to receiver and get feedback from receiver. The staff of Dominos use email, notice board, posters, and pamphlets for communication. For example:-if any information needs to pass all team members a notice will clipped with notice board and it can be send by e-mail.so this also a way of communication. QUALITY: DOMINOSs have date; time in all areas of the restaurant to ensure that entire product from raw to cook is of the highest standard. Date, time are checked regularly by staff whether product from chillers, production bins or front counter. So we can say they provide quality to the customers. SERVICE : As well as hot, fresh product delivered accurately and in a timely manner, customers expect impressive service. Dominos says about customers treat them as they expected to be treated, greet them in warm, friendly manner and always have smile on staffs face. FINDINGS : ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE: Culture is about activities of a people like how they great to other. Its a multicultural organization .In Dominos the employees are from different Culture and different countries so its multicultural organization. I think its a need of the workplace because some time face different culture people for communication. As we know Newzealand is a place where people come from different part of the world. So for development a business in Newzealand we need different cultural employees, who can communicate with different cultural people and it helps to the business. Dominos also teach their employees about social ethics, professional ethics, and individual ethics. In Dominoss we learn lot from knowledge and experience during communication with our higher level like if a crew person communicate with restaurant manager he directly affected by way of communication of restaurant manager because restaurant manager know how to communicate. Organizational GOAL The goals of Dominos are as follows:- 1. Dominos vision is to be the worlds best Quick service restaurants experience. 2. Dominos is committed to maintaining and developing the best food products in the quick service restaurant market. 3. In order to deliver this, the company has made a number of commitments to food safety and nutrition. 4. Lead the quick service restaurant market by a program of site development and , profitable restaurant openings, and by attracting new customers. Increasing sales through promotions will enable them to continue their program of expansion. Business Demographics I want to give an example of myself about knowledge and experience in that organisation when i given an interview for this organisation the selection committee didnt ask me about any past experience i learned all from workplace by training, communication with the other staff of the organisation. Training period teach more everyone in Dominos. Seniors always shared their knowledge with juniors, which is very helpful for juniors. 1. Crew Trainer Crew trainer is person who trains the crew member and give his experience and basic knowledge of workplace to the crew person. So trainer gives the basic knowledge like how to make burgers, how to clean workplace etc. 2. Managers The number of managers depends on capacity of Dominos as how much busy it is. After passing crew training stage crew become crew trainer and he will be able to give training to other trainees. Therefore training manager is a person who teaches next lesson to crew trainers. He also shares his knowledge and experience with trainees. 3. Organisations Manager He is the person who has all responsibilities of restaurants like in our group there are five restaurants he is the big boss of all restaurants. He is most experienced person in the restaurant and he had all knowledge about restaurants. Group Dynamics As i explained about team of Dominos where i am working is from different culture like some of them are from India, some of them are from Philippines and some of them are from Fiji, Samoa. So its a big thing to communicate each person with each other. The communication is main thing which attach them each other and make them work as a group. The communications in organisation develop and improve communication skills of employees because this workplace is all based on communication. For example when a crew member or manager taking order from the counter he have to speak English and listen English so it can develop both speaking and listening of the crew or manager. Crew and Manager make a team for any organisation so its away which develop whole team. Meeting Management In management meetings communication process should be clear, professionally, logically. Professionally The communication which we use in meetings of organisation related to our profession. Clear Communication should be clear which make good sense for listener. Logical Communication should be logic full or related to the matter which actually we want discuss in meeting. Purpose The purpose of communication should clear for all the meeting attainders. Stakeholders : In stakeholders we can include internal and external factors which are affected by organisation like employees, distributors, Govt. Media etc. The chosen organisation by me communicates with all stakeholders those individually related to organisation by excellent way. Networks : The organisation is connected with internet for everyone and they use emails, letters, posters and other advertising material to connect with people. The internal network of the organisation is connected by LAN (local area network) and WAN also (wide area network). Conclusion : This business is based on two things one is internal and other is external internal which I discussed in this report which is communication in organisation and second is people because it is people based business. So to get success in this business organisation have to concentrate on both things. Recommendations : As Dominos have many communication objectives like creating awareness, imparting knowledge, projecting an image, shaping attitudes, stimulating a want or desire, affecting a sale. According to me they should add some more communication objectives like educate, encourage action, reward consumer, match the competition, beat the competition, make a promise, and fulfil the promise. They should provide some more facilities to them like for the parents they should provide special discounts on their special days (Birthday, Marriage Anniversary) and for children they should open Kids Zone on their every stores so that they can enjoy their time.

Value chain analysis at air asia

Value chain analysis at air asia Air Asia is the second Malaysian national airline which provides a totally different types of service called low cost no frills. Their vision is to provide affordable price to all worldwide travellers with minimum in-flight service.thier price is slightly lower than to any other full service airlines. Before 2001 Air Asia fails to capture market or attract new customer due to its poor operation against the full fledge service given by Malaysian airlines which was supported by Malaysian government. Turning point of Air Asia was in 2001 when this loss making company bought by Tony Fernandez. Air Asia re-launched in Malaysia in late Air Asia re-launched in Malaysia in late 2001, with low cost domestic airlines. Value Chain Analysis: PRIMARY ACTIVITIES: The primary activities in Porters Value Chain are as follows INBOUND LOGISTICS: As inbound logistics involves different categories in air line industry for example how to schedule flights, keeping an eye on their competitors that what strategy they are adopting how to sustain in market, and how to cut off their price as they manage fuel efficiency by purchasing it advance when prices are low, and how to plan routes as they mostly plan short routes so that their costs are low. OUTBOUND LOGISTICS: As air Asia mostly uses their operations through online as their ticketing process is totally online and customer can get their tickets book online and they can also print their boarding card from their homes, Air Asia uses general electric engine for their customer safety as customers are the main preference of the company. SALES MARKETING: Air Asia has a strong brand name, now days marketing have a significant impact on any organizations sales, so Air Asia do advertisement by sponsoring The amazing race, and famous Manchester untied (mu) football club, painting some of its aircraft with club colours and sports star, and most importantly chief executive Fernandes himself wear Air Asia official red cap and T shirt in almost every official function. SERVICES: Now a days retaining a customer is a difficult task so to over come this Air Asia provide different type of services to its customer like if flight is delayed by more then three hours then u$ 61 e-gift voucher is given, passenger can also pre-book their checked baggage for a lower rate, and customers can also online book hotels, hostels, rent a car and medical services. SUPPORT ACTIVITIES: The value chain analysis has some$ support activities as well. The support activities that Air Asia has to follow in order to keep their business clean and operational are; FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE: Air Asia has a strong firm infrastructure they have evolved from a classic lcc into an integrated service provider, they are focusing towards their goals, they are providing the cheapest fare, they are exploring new markets, and decision making process is simple. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Air Asia hire capable workers ,and they assign multi skilled people so that they can over come their price in term of human resource and can maintain their company mission of low price airline , and they also compensate their employees in terms of performance. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT: Air Asia uses different type of technology to minimize its cost and to make their operation easy and efficient, they are using yield management system (YMS) which takes into account the operating cost and expected revenues, and they also use computer reservation system (CRS) as it is web-based reservation and inventory system as it is a direct sale engine which eliminates the middle man, and they also implemented enterprise resource planning system (ERP) which helps to save the time at month end closing, and speed up reporting and data retrieval processes. Value Chain Analysis Diagram: KEY ISSUES REGARDING OPERATIONS OF AIR ASIA IT Problem: Customer are facing problem regarding booking tickets online, because their system are not up to date if the flight delay or cancelled they dont have any system showing intimation to the customers. Some time cards are not accepted by the system for payment, this may create trouble for the passenger to purchase. Government intervention: With growing demands of low cost carrier, Air Asia started penetrating more routes and tie up with more airports for Example In Singapore, Air Asia wanted to start the flights from the southern state of Johor, keeping in mind to attract the passengers by providing free bus service to the city state. Singapore government did not allow providing bus link to Air Asia by saying it was not her national interest. Government fears to lose the changi airport business, if Air Asia came with that service, this suffer a huge loss to Air Asia. Operating cost increased:- Being a low cost carrier, there is always a threat either from other LCC or the full service airlines to compete each other, in order to beat the rivals, Air Asia came up with value added service to the customers like internet check in service, with this one can enjoy printing their own boarding pass online, Air Asia not only give low cost tickets but also provide other financial services like travel insurance, holiday packages, booking services for hotels, car rental, and Citibank -Air Asia credit card. To maintain this type of services required huge amount. This increased the operating cost by producing value added service High Labour cost:- With increase in demand of low cost carrier, and expansion of air route, there is always need to recruit new member too give better service for smooth operation, it is now very difficult to hire people with low cost, payment should varies differ to different industries. Being a low cost carrier, profit margin is only 30% of Air Asia Maintenance Hub: As Air Asia does not have its own maintenance and repair facility, as by passage of time and increase in number of planes from 3 to 100 planes currently and about more 100 planes to received next year, so not having their proper maintenance hub it cost a lot to the company . Limited Human Resource: As to maintain it low cost competitive advantage Air Asia goes with limited human resources so if some irregular situation comes then it is difficult to handle the situation. Flight Delay: As when their flights are delayed then there is no proper channel to communicate to the customer or customer is not inform earlier Fuel Prices: Due to rising in fuel prices, the air line industry effects a lot in that case the operational activities of Air Asia also adversely effected. RECOMMENDATION: Air Asia is focusing on low cost and no frills to be on right direction with fulfilling the organization goals. To compete with the market challenges and to face them following are some of the recommendations to enhance the operational activities. New IT System Implementation: The company should implement IT system strongly because the business of Air Asia is heavily depending on internet, therefore they should apply Advance Planning and Scheduling system (APS). As APS system is capable in optimising operational planning, scheduling supplier portal, inventory planning, and demand per costing, maintenance management and route profitability which will help them to compete in the low cost market. Staff Training: Air Asia is hiring multi skill people, In case of difficult situation they should train their staff, Human Resource Development should take necessary steps by updating their employees through on job training as it will cost effective. Joint venture with different low cost airlines: As air Asia is a low cost air line so to maintain and to keep their customer stick with them they should go for alliances with different airlines so that they can get access to different routes, and their cost should be low as well as there are different companies like virgin blue who want to extend service who want to extend service to south east Asia, therefore air Asia can have a joint venture with them. Self Maintenance : As to maintain the mission of the Air Asia as a low cost carrier and no frill, it is has to focus from different aspects, maintenance and overhauling of the aircraft is the major Operating activity, for that Air Asia needs its own hub and maintenance staff rather relying on outsourcing. Initially it is costly but in the long run this investment would be feasible for the airline. Flight delay: To satisfying the customer is the basic importance for the service industry, if the flight is cancel or delayed the management should inform passenger on time or apologize by explaining the valid reason. Frequent flyer programme: Loyalty programme should be introduce for the passengers who frequently flying with Air Asia in order to retain them and airline should involve the loyal customer with the new upcoming offers. Additional Services: Air Asia should introduce member lounge to treat their frequent passengers and they should provide extra entertainment through nominal charges to make better impact of airline. Air Asia also has to start in flight entertainment during short haul flights on customer demand. SWOT ANALYSIS OF AIR ASIA : Strength: They have strong relationship with government and political leaders to operate smooth function. They have good management team who work efficiently with strong utilisation of IT, so that each and every customer can book tickets online by choosing easy method. Air Asia penetrates more and more market because of their low cost mentality, this help them to become low cost leader in Asia pacific region. With strong working relationship with government bodies can help them to work smoothly in the country For example: working with Thai Prime Minister Mr.Thaksin Shinawatra who holds 50% stake in the company help Air Asia to capture good market in Thailand. Weakness: Air Asia dont have their own maintenance hub, initially they started for few planes to maintain. By the passage of time, they have come up with 100 planes, but in future they are expecting another 100 planes. So they will be facing to maintain all the planes at a time. It is one of the big disadvantages not to have their own maintenance hub. Second problem with Air Asia is one cannot change their, if it is delayed or get refund for the same and also charging more on baggages to cut the cost of fuel. Because of limited staff they cannot handle the problematic situation when arise. By providing low cost they fail to provide basic service to the customers in order to maintain the profit margin. Opportunities:- Explore more on Asian markets; there are Asian cities with population of more than 1 million which are middle class, so they are targeting more on middle class people. Joint venture with virgin blue group. This group want to extend their service to South East Asia, so Air Asia can have joint venture with virgin blue group to capture more markets with them. Increasing oil price which can be threat to all airline industry. But Air Asia doesnt have their customers already enjoying low price irrespective oil price goes up or down. Due to increase in growing demand of Air Asia customers. Prospects generates for new routes for customers and more numbers of airport deals. Threats: Some charges like Air departure, landing cost security charges are not in control of airlines operators. This threat is for all airlines but especially to those airlines who are keeping their rates very low. Full service airlines can enter any time by reducing their cost. Because profit margin of Air Asia is 30% which is very less as compare to any other full service airlines. Problem may occur due to heavily depend online sales, like disruption or any other fault can happen to system which may result directly on sales. There will be lack of confidence among customers due to terrorist attack, accident, government policy etc.

Acid Rain :: Free Essay Writer

Acid Rain Acid rain is caused by extra amounts of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Natural sources of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides do exist, but are balanced by nature. Normal rain reacts with alkaline chemicals from the region's bedrock that are in the air, soils, lakes, and streams. This neutralizes the rain. However, if rain is more highly acidic, then the natural neutralizing chemicals can eventually become depleted. This is what is happening with more than 90% of the sulphur and 95% of the nitrogen emissions coming from humans. Approximately 40% of the nitrogen oxides come from transportation, about 25% from thermoelectric generating stations, and the balance from other industrial, commercial, and residential combustion processes. These pollutants come from the use of coal in the production of electricity, from smelting, and from the internal combustion engines in most cars. Once released into the atmosphere, they are converted into such pollutants as nitric acid and sulfuric ac id, both dissolving easily in water. This results in acidic water droplets that can be carried by prevailing winds, returning to Earth as acid rain, snow, or fog. This effects the lakes by changing the pH balance. As the water pH approaches 6, crustaceans, insects, and plankton begin to disappear. When the pH is slightly above 5, major changes start to happen, less desirable species of mosses and plankton may begin to flourish, whereas others will lessen in numbers and die off. Below pH of 5, the water is to acidic for many fish, the bottom is covered with undecayed material, and the shores may be dominated by mosses. Animals also are affected. Some ducks, for example, depend on fish and other organisms for nourishment and nutrients. As these food sources are reduced or eliminated, the population in that area declines and the reproductive success of the birds is affected. Plants are effected too. The acids can alter the protective waxy surface of leaves, lowering disease resistance. It also may slow down or stop plant germination and reproduction. The acids will accelerate soil weathering and removal of nutrients, which the plant need. And it will make some metals more soluble, for example, aluminum will be come high in concentration in the soil and clog the roots of the plants, stopping the intake of vital nutrients.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These are all good reasons we must be looking for new means of energy, in the very near future.

Loss of Innocence in Truman Capotes In Cold Blood Essay -- In Cold Bl

"All things truly wicked start from an innocence,† states Ernest Hemingway on his view of innocence. Innocence, what every youth possesses, is more accurately described as a state of unknowing but not ignorance- which connotation suggests a blissfully positive view of the world. Most youth are protected from the harsh realities of the adult world. Therefore they are able to maintain their state of innocence. While innocence normally wanes over time, sometimes innocence can be abruptly taken away. Some of the characters in Truman Capotes In Cold Blood lost their innocence due to the traumatic events they experienced in childhood and adulthood while some had none to begin with. Innocence can be stolen but the desire to return to the innocent state cannot. A traumatic event changes the nature of a small town, yet leaves some residents with a fervent desire to return to normalcy. An isolated city such as Holcomb is thought to be safe from the corruption and crime of city life. In 1959, the town of Holcomb was devastated by the brutal killings of a beloved family, the Clutters. This event completely changed the attitudes of most of the town’s population, which one resident, Mryt Clare, stated had turned them into â€Å"snakes†. While the once blamelessness that had been evident in most of the towns folk had disappeared, Clare had hoped the town would stop â€Å"scaring each other to death†. Clare wanted the usual kindness and innocence that drew her to the town to be restored. The deaths of the Clutter family had taken away the towns trust in one another, but the deaths of the killers and re established some of the innocence they had lost. While no one can completely recover from a traumatic event, the town of Holcomb desired to return to a st... ... become the victims. In the case there was never any innocence present in an individual, the choices they make will shape how corrupt they become. The town of Holcomb was traumatized by the unexpected murder of a respected family, which turned the community into distrusting gossipers. This event can take place in childhood, as it did for Perry Smith, who grew up with no protection from corruption by his parents and killed an entire family. Dick Hickock, impulsive and shallow, formulated a plan to rob and kill any witnesses present at the Clutter household. He was corrupt enough to go ahead with the plan and persuade Perry to kill the witnesses. Innocence must be protected to ensure that others may be kept innocent. The virtuous quality that most people have is connected to their innocence, but if their innocence is lost, their future may be condemned to sinfulness.